如何使用Python通过SSL连接到SMTP邮件服务器？
我在用学校的邮箱发送邮件时遇到了困难。这个邮箱是SSL加密的，我在网上找到了一段Matt Butcher写的代码，可以用来处理SSL：
import smtplib, socket
__version__ = "1.00"
__all__ = ['SMTPSSLException', 'SMTP_SSL']
SSMTP_PORT = 465
class SMTPSSLException(smtplib.SMTPException):
"""Base class for exceptions resulting from SSL negotiation."""
class SMTP_SSL (smtplib.SMTP):
"""This class provides SSL access to an SMTP server.
SMTP over SSL typical listens on port 465. Unlike StartTLS, SMTP over SSL
makes an SSL connection before doing a helo/ehlo. All transactions, then,
are done over an encrypted channel.
This class is a simple subclass of the smtplib.SMTP class that comes with
Python. It overrides the connect() method to use an SSL socket, and it
overrides the starttles() function to throw an error (you can't do
starttls within an SSL session).
"""
certfile = None
keyfile = None
def __init__(self, host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, keyfile=None, certfile=None):
"""Initialize a new SSL SMTP object.
If specified, `host' is the name of the remote host to which this object
will connect. If specified, `port' specifies the port (on `host') to
which this object will connect. `local_hostname' is the name of the
localhost. By default, the value of socket.getfqdn() is used.
An SMTPConnectError is raised if the SMTP host does not respond
correctly.
An SMTPSSLError is raised if SSL negotiation fails.
Warning: This object uses socket.ssl(), which does not do client-side
verification of the server's cert.
"""
self.certfile = certfile
self.keyfile = keyfile
smtplib.SMTP.__init__(self, host, port, local_hostname)
def connect(self, host='localhost', port=0):
"""Connect to an SMTP server using SSL.
`host' is localhost by default. Port will be set to 465 (the default
SSL SMTP port) if no port is specified.
If the host name ends with a colon (`:') followed by a number,
that suffix will be stripped off and the
number interpreted as the port number to use. This will override the
`port' parameter.
Note: This method is automatically invoked by __init__, if a host is
specified during instantiation.
"""
# MB: Most of this (Except for the socket connection code) is from
# the SMTP.connect() method. I changed only the bare minimum for the
# sake of compatibility.
if not port and (host.find(':') == host.rfind(':')):
i = host.rfind(':')
if i >= 0:
host, port = host[:i], host[i+1:]
try: port = int(port)
except ValueError:
raise socket.error, "nonnumeric port"
if not port: port = SSMTP_PORT
if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', (host, port)
msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
self.sock = None
for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
try:
self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', (host, port)
self.sock.connect(sa)
# MB: Make the SSL connection.
sslobj = socket.ssl(self.sock, self.keyfile, self.certfile)
except socket.error, msg:
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print>>stderr, 'connect fail:', (host, port)
if self.sock:
self.sock.close()
self.sock = None
continue
break
if not self.sock:
raise socket.error, msg
# MB: Now set up fake socket and fake file classes.
# Thanks to the design of smtplib, this is all we need to do
# to get SSL working with all other methods.
self.sock = smtplib.SSLFakeSocket(self.sock, sslobj)
self.file = smtplib.SSLFakeFile(sslobj);
(code, msg) = self.getreply()
if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, "connect:", msg
return (code, msg)
def setkeyfile(self, keyfile):
"""Set the absolute path to a file containing a private key.
This method will only be effective if it is called before connect().
This key will be used to make the SSL connection."""
self.keyfile = keyfile
def setcertfile(self, certfile):
"""Set the absolute path to a file containing a x.509 certificate.
This method will only be effective if it is called before connect().
This certificate will be used to make the SSL connection."""
self.certfile = certfile
def starttls():
"""Raises an exception.
You cannot do StartTLS inside of an ssl session. Calling starttls() will
return an SMTPSSLException"""
raise SMTPSSLException, "Cannot perform StartTLS within SSL session."
然后这是我的代码：
import ssmtplib
conn = ssmtplib.SMTP_SSL('HOST')
conn.login('USERNAME','PW')
conn.ehlo()
conn.sendmail('FROM_EMAIL', 'TO_EMAIL', "MESSAGE")
conn.close()
但是我遇到了这个错误：
/Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py:116: DeprecationWarning: socket.ssl() is deprecated. Use ssl.wrap_socket() instead.
sslobj = socket.ssl(self.sock, self.keyfile, self.certfile)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "emailer.py", line 5, in
conn = ssmtplib.SMTP_SSL('HOST')
File "/Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py", line 79, in init
smtplib.SMTP.init(self, host, port, local_hostname)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 239, in init
(code, msg) = self.connect(host, port)
File "/Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py", line 131, in connect
self.sock = smtplib.SSLFakeSocket(self.sock, sslobj)
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'SSLFakeSocket'
谢谢！