编程错误：运行Django单元测试时出现“表 'test_<DB>.<TABLE>'不存在”

Question

我在用Django框架跑单元测试的时候遇到了一个错误。

实际运行代码的时候没有这个问题，但跑单元测试时会临时创建一个测试数据库，所以我怀疑问题出在这里。

抛出错误的代码大概是这样的：

member = Member.objects.get(email=email_address)

而模型看起来是这样的：

class Member(models.Model):
    member_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(editable=False, default=datetime.datetime.utcnow())
    flags = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=150, blank=True)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=150, blank=True)
    country_iso = models.CharField(max_length=6, blank=True)
    location_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    facebook_uid = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    utc_offset = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    tokens = models.CharField(max_length=3000, blank=True)
    class Meta:
        db_table = u'member'

我觉得这里没有什么特别奇怪的地方。

运行测试的用户在数据库服务器上的权限和运行网站的用户是一样的。

这是在osx上用mariadb运行的django 1.1。

    MJ-2:mysite Marsh$ python manage.py test sitecoming
Creating test database...
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table djangodblog_errorbatch
Creating table djangodblog_error
Installing index for djangodblog.ErrorBatch model
Installing index for djangodblog.Error model
E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_index (mysite.sitecoming.tests.SiteComingTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Marsh/Development/deal/src/mysite/sitecoming/tests.py", line 19, in test_index
    response = c.post('/submit', {'email':'marshall@offby3.com'})
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 313, in post
    response = self.request(**r)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 92, in get_response
    response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/Users/Marsh/Development/deal/src/mysite/sitecoming/views.py", line 49, in submit
    member = Member.objects.get(email=email_address)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 120, in get
    return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 300, in get
    num = len(clone)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 81, in __len__
    self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 238, in iterator
    for row in self.query.results_iter():
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 287, in results_iter
    for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 2369, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 84, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.6-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 173, in execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.6-macosx-10.3-fat.egg/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorclass, errorvalue
ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'test_deal.member' doesn't exist")

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.447s

FAILED (errors=1)
Destroying test database...

我还可以去哪里查找问题，为什么这个表没有被创建呢？

更新 - 问题似乎是，在运行单元测试时，用于生成测试数据库的模型来自应用内部，而不是项目内部。这看起来有点奇怪，而且违反了DRY原则，因为为了让它工作，我需要在每个应用中重复模型文件，而不是在项目中集中管理。

有没有人能建议我怎么解决这个问题？

** 更新 2 ** - 项目结构大概是这样的：

项目结构看起来是：

/mysite (www.whatever.com)
    /application1 (facebook app, handles all urls beginning with /fb)
    /application2 (www app, handles everything else in the root dir of the site)

我想把fb功能和网站的其他部分分开，但它们共享同一个数据库。我这样做错了吗？

数据库 django 单元测试项目结构模型管理 mariadb DRY原则测试数据库

编程错误：运行Django单元测试时出现“表 'test_<DB>.<TABLE>'不存在”

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