Python中变量一次增加超过1

Question

我现在在学校做一个项目，纯粹是为了好玩，但遇到了一个问题。这个项目是一个乒乓球游戏，每当球碰到球拍时，分数应该增加1分，但实际上却增加了3分，有时候还会增加2分。我考虑过用另一个变量手动增加分数，并不断检查，但我觉得还有更好的解决办法。以下是代码：

#----- IMPORTS --------
import time
import math

app.score = Label('0', 200, 50, size=25)

ball = Group(
Circle(200, 200, 17, fill=rgb(130, 130, 130), border='black', borderWidth=7)  
)

paddle = Group(
Circle(170, 375, 18, fill=rgb(130, 130, 130), border='black', borderWidth=10),
Circle(240, 375, 18, fill=rgb(130, 130, 130), border='black', borderWidth=10),
Line(170, 362, 240, 362, lineWidth=10),
Line(170, 388, 240, 388, lineWidth=10),
Rect(170, 366.5, 70, 17, fill=rgb(130, 130, 130))
)

app.press = False
app.sec = time.time()
app.xvel = 0
app.yvel = 0
app.paddle_xvel = 0
app.mousex = 0
app.mousey = 0
app.scoreVar = 0

app.ballx = 0
app.bally = 0
app.padx = 0
app.pady = 0

def onMouseMove(mouseX, mouseY):
app.mousex = mouseX
app.mousey = mouseY

def onMousePress(mouseX, mouseY):
app.press = True

def onMouseRelease(mouseX, mouseY):
app.press = False

def _init_():
ball.visible = False
paddle.visible = False
app.background = 'skyblue'
app.score.visible = False

_init_()

playBtn = Group(
Circle(140, 210, 30, fill=rgb(150, 225, 170), border='black', borderWidth=10),
Circle(260, 210, 30, fill=rgb(150, 225, 170), border='black', borderWidth=10),
Rect(140, 190, 120, 40, fill=rgb(150, 225, 170)),
Line(140, 185, 260, 185, lineWidth=10),
Line(140, 235, 260, 235, lineWidth=10),
Label('P l a y', 200, 210, size=30, bold=False, font='montserrat')
)

def onStep():
app.sec = time.time()
#----- Ball physics ------
ball.centerY += app.yvel
ball.centerX += app.xvel
app.yvel += 1
app.ballx = ball.centerX
app.bally = ball.centerY
app.padx = paddle.centerX
app.pady = paddle.centerY - 20

    paddle.rotateAngle = (app.paddle_xvel / 2)
    if app.mousex > paddle.centerX:
        app.paddle_xvel += 3
    if app.mousex < paddle.centerX:
        app.paddle_xvel += -3
    app.paddle_xvel = app.paddle_xvel / 1.2
    paddle.centerX += app.paddle_xvel
    
    if app.yvel < -20:
        app.yvel = -20
    if ball.centerX > 390:
        app.xvel = -5
    if ball.centerX < 10:
        app.xvel = 5
    if ball.centerY >= 400:
        ball.centerY = 200
        app.yvel = 0
        app.xvel = 0
        ball.centerX = 200
    
    #---- HIT CHECK -------
    
    for shape in paddle:
        if ball.hitsShape(shape) == True:
            app.yvel = -20
            app.xvel = app.paddle_xvel
            app.scoreVar += 1
            app.score.value = app.scoreVar
        
    
    #----- Ball physics explanation ------
    
    # First, we set the ball's y velocity (the speed that it goes down by exponentially). 
    # Then, we make it so that the Y and X values are CHANGED by, not set to, the velocities.
    # Next we do a few checks, like if the ball is touching the wall, if it is touching 
    # the ground, and we reset it. If it touches the wall we just bounce it the opposite way.
    # The ball's terminal velocity is -20, which is the max speed the ball can get to.'''
    
    #---- Play btn physics
    playBtn.rotateAngle = math.sin((((app.sec*2)+100) * 2) + 100)
    playBtn.centerX = math.sin(app.sec*2.5) * 3 + 200
    
    if playBtn.contains(app.mousex, app.mousey):
        if app.press == True:
            paddle.visible = True
            ball.visible = True
            app.background = 'white'
            playBtn.visible = False
            app.score.visible = True

lastTime = app.sec
app.sec -= lastTime

需要注意的是，这段代码是在CMU CS学院的环境下写的，所以像while true这样的无限循环是不能用的，不能嵌套循环，也不能重复定义同一个函数。文档非常有用：https://academy.cs.cmu.edu/docs。你可能需要点击文档中的颜色标签才能打开。我的问题出在这两行代码上：“app.scoreVar += 1, app.score.value = app.scoreVar”。这两行代码的作用是让分数的标签增加“1”，但实际上根据球拍的速度，它却增加了2或3分。我不能使用time.sleep()，因为那样会让整个游戏都卡住，而不仅仅是相关的部分。

循环控制事件处理代码调试游戏开发乒乓球游戏变量管理分数计算速度影响

Python中变量一次增加超过1

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