Django中的身份验证

Question

我正在尝试在我的Django网站上连接表单。

如果我在命令行中这样做：

$ ./manage.py shell
Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Oct 27 2009, 06:25:13) 
[GCC 4.4.1] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from django.contrib import auth
>>> user = auth.authenticate(username='user', password='password')
>>> 

没有问题，你可以看到。

但是如果在我的视图中，我有：

# views.py
...
from django.contrib import auth
...

def check_pass(request):
    ...
    user = auth.authenticate(username='user', password='password')
    ...

我遇到了500错误页面，错误信息如下：

Environment:

Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://localhost/check_pass/
Django Version: 1.1.1
Python Version: 2.6.4
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.sites']
Installed Middleware:
('django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware')


Traceback:
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  92.                 response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/home/mart/programmation/python/django/martfiles/views.py" in check_pass
  67.         user = auth.authenticate(username='user', password='password')
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py" in authenticate
  37.             user = backend.authenticate(**credentials)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/backends.py" in authenticate
  18.             user = User.objects.get(username=username)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py" in get
  120.         return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in get
  300.         num = len(clone)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in __len__
  81.                 self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in iterator
  238.         for row in self.query.results_iter():
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in results_iter
  287.         for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI):
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in execute_sql
  2369.         cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py" in execute
  19.             return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py" in execute
  193.         return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)

Exception Type: OperationalError at /check_pass/
Exception Value: no such table: auth_user

我的settings.py文件

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
)
...
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
)

我运行了'syncdb'，没有任何更改，我确定问题出在这一行，因为我通过

assert False
user = auth...

AssertionError

user = auth...
assert False

没有这个表auth_user

Answer 1

在你的脚本的开头：

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout

身份验证：

 user = authenticate(username=request.POST['username'], password=request.POST['password'])
        if user is not None:
            if user.is_active:
                login(request, user)
                #user is loged in
            else:
                # user is not active
        else:
            # false authentification

Answer 2

跟处理静态文件一样，我需要把我的数据库放在家目录之外，而不是和我的Python文件放在一起。