用h5py创建的HDF5文件无法被h5py打开

Question

我在Ubuntu 12.04（32位版本）上使用Anaconda作为Python环境，写ipython笔记本时，似乎顺利地创建了一个HDF5文件。这个文件里面的数据都是numpy数组。例如，

import numpy as np
import h5py

f = h5py.File('myfile.hdf5','w')

group = f.create_group('a_group')

group.create_dataset(name='matrix', data=np.zeros((10, 10)), chunks=True, compression='gzip')

但是，当我试图从一个新的ipython笔记本打开这个文件时，却出现了一个错误信息：

f = h5py.File('myfile.hdf5', "r")

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IOError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-b64ac5089cd4> in <module>()
----> 1 f = h5py.File(file_name, "r")

/home/sarah/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/h5py/_hl/files.pyc in __init__(self, name, mode, driver, libver, userblock_size, **kwds)
    220 
    221             fapl = make_fapl(driver, libver, **kwds)
--> 222             fid = make_fid(name, mode, userblock_size, fapl)
    223 
    224         Group.__init__(self, fid)

/home/sarah/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/h5py/_hl/files.pyc in make_fid(name, mode, userblock_size, fapl, fcpl)
     77 
     78     if mode == 'r':
---> 79         fid = h5f.open(name, h5f.ACC_RDONLY, fapl=fapl)
     80     elif mode == 'r+':
     81         fid = h5f.open(name, h5f.ACC_RDWR, fapl=fapl)

/home/sarah/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/h5py/h5f.so in h5py.h5f.open (h5py/h5f.c:1741)()

IOError: Unable to open file (Unable to find a valid file signature)

你能告诉我这个缺失的文件签名是什么吗？我在创建文件的时候是不是漏掉了什么？

Answer 1

我在使用 https://github.com/matterport/Mask_RCNN 的时候，遇到了同样的错误：

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "detection.py", line 42, in <module>
    model.load_weights(model_path, by_name=True)
  File "/home/michael/Bachelor/important/Cable-detection/Mask_RCNN-2.1/samples/cable/mrcnn/model.py", line 2131, in load_weights
    f = h5py.File(filepath, mode='r')
  File "/home/michael/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/_hl/files.py", line 271, in __init__
    fid = make_fid(name, mode, userblock_size, fapl, swmr=swmr)
  File "/home/michael/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/_hl/files.py", line 101, in make_fid
    fid = h5f.open(name, flags, fapl=fapl)
  File "h5py/_objects.pyx", line 54, in h5py._objects.with_phil.wrapper (/tmp/pip-s_7obrrg-build/h5py/_objects.c:2840)
  File "h5py/_objects.pyx", line 55, in h5py._objects.with_phil.wrapper (/tmp/pip-s_7obrrg-build/h5py/_objects.c:2798)
  File "h5py/h5f.pyx", line 78, in h5py.h5f.open (/tmp/pip-s_7obrrg-build/h5py/h5f.c:2117)
OSError: Unable to open file (Addr overflow, addr = 800, size=8336, eoa=2144)
HDF5: infinite loop closing library
      D,T,F,FD,P,FD,P,FD,P,E,E,SL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL,FL

上面的解决办法对我也有效。我在训练过程中随便中断了一下，所以 .hdf5 文件没有正常关闭，之后就打不开了。

Answer 2

因为我们在我提问的评论中解决了这个问题，所以我在这里写下结果，以便标记为已解决。

主要的问题是我忘记在创建文件后关闭它了。其实有两个简单的解决办法，第一种是：

import numpy as np
import h5py

f = h5py.File('myfile.hdf5','w')
group = f.create_group('a_group')
group.create_dataset(name='matrix', data=np.zeros((10, 10)), chunks=True, compression='gzip')
f.close()

或者，我更喜欢第二种，因为它会自动关闭文件：

import numpy as np
import h5py

with h5py.File('myfile.hdf5','w') as f:
    group = f.create_group('a_group')
    group.create_dataset(name='matrix', data=np.zeros((10, 10)), chunks=True, compression='gzip')