Python与C++(Winsock)的Socket编程对比

0 投票
1 回答
4522 浏览
提问于 2025-04-15 14:37

我有一个用Python写的程序,可以在互联网上聊天,运行得很好。但是我用C++写的类似程序却无法在互联网上工作。
Python程序如下:

import thread
import socket


class p2p:
    def __init__(self):
        socket.setdefaulttimeout(50)
        self.port = 3000

        #Destination IP HERE
        self.peerId = '59.95.18.156'

        #declaring sender socket
        self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM  )
        self.socket.bind(('', self.port))
        self.socket.settimeout(50)

        #starting thread for reception
        thread.start_new_thread(self.receiveData, ())

        while 1: 
            data=raw_input('>')
            #print 'sending...'+data
            self.sendData(data)

    def receiveData(self):
        while 1:
            data,address=self.socket.recvfrom(1024)
            print data
    def sendData(self,data):
        self.socket.sendto(data, (self.peerId,self.port))
if __name__=='__main__':
    print 'Started......'    
    p2p()

我想在C++中实现类似的功能。我从MSDN上找到了服务器和客户端的程序,但它们只能在本地电脑上运行,无法在互联网上使用。它们的代码如下:

发送者

#include <stdio.h>
#include "winsock2.h"

void main() {

  WSADATA wsaData;
  SOCKET SendSocket;
  sockaddr_in RecvAddr;
  int Port = 3000;
  char SendBuf[3]={'a','2','\0'};
  int BufLen = 3;

  //---------------------------------------------
  // Initialize Winsock
  WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);

  //---------------------------------------------
  // Create a socket for sending data
  SendSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

  //---------------------------------------------
  // Set up the RecvAddr structure with the IP address of
  // the receiver (in this example case "123.456.789.1")
  // and the specified port number.
  RecvAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  RecvAddr.sin_port = htons(Port);
  RecvAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("59.95.18.156");

  //---------------------------------------------
  // Send a datagram to the receiver
  printf("Sending a datagram to the receiver...\n");
  sendto(SendSocket, 
    SendBuf, 
    BufLen, 
    0, 
    (SOCKADDR *) &RecvAddr, 
    sizeof(RecvAddr));

  //---------------------------------------------
  // When the application is finished sending, close the socket.
  printf("Finished sending. Closing socket.\n");
  closesocket(SendSocket);

  //---------------------------------------------
  // Clean up and quit.
  printf("Exiting.\n");
  WSACleanup();
  return;
}

接收者

#include <stdio.h>
#include "winsock2.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void main() {

  WSADATA wsaData;
  SOCKET RecvSocket;
  sockaddr_in RecvAddr;
  int Port = 3000;
  char RecvBuf[3];
  int  BufLen = 3;
  sockaddr_in SenderAddr;
  int SenderAddrSize = sizeof(SenderAddr);

  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Initialize Winsock
  WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);

  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Create a receiver socket to receive datagrams
  RecvSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Bind the socket to any address and the specified port.
  RecvAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  RecvAddr.sin_port = htons(Port);
  RecvAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

  bind(RecvSocket, (SOCKADDR *) &RecvAddr, sizeof(RecvAddr));

  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Call the recvfrom function to receive datagrams
  // on the bound socket.
  printf("Receiving datagrams...\n");
  while(true){
  recvfrom(RecvSocket, 
    RecvBuf, 
    BufLen, 
    0, 
    (SOCKADDR *)&SenderAddr, 
    &SenderAddrSize);
    cout<<RecvBuf;
  }
  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Close the socket when finished receiving datagrams
  printf("Finished receiving. Closing socket.\n");
  closesocket(RecvSocket);

  //-----------------------------------------------
  // Clean up and exit.
  printf("Exiting.\n");
  WSACleanup();
  return;
}

非常感谢任何帮助。
抱歉问题中代码太多了。

1 个回答

1

根据文档sendto这个函数在成功时会返回一个大于0的数字(表示发送的字节数),而在失败时会返回一个小于0的数字。在失败的情况下,你可以使用WSAGetLastError来获取更多的信息。所以你可以尝试保存sendto的结果,打印出来(同时也打印你想发送的数据的大小),如果出现错误的话,也把最后的错误代码打印出来。这样你就能看到什么情况了。

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