如何在自定义包中动态重载模块？

Question

我正在尝试重新加载我写的一个自定义模块包。

我在这里看过一个其他问题，但在我的情况下似乎不太管用。

modules/__init__.py

# based on info from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1057431/loading-all-modules-in-a-folder-in-python
import os
for module in os.listdir(os.path.dirname(__file__)):
    if module[0:8] != '__init__' and module[-3:] == '.py':
        if module in dir(os.path.dirname(__file__)):
            reload(module)
        else:
            __import__(module[:-3], locals(), globals())
del module
del os

加载模块：

import modules
def loadModule(self, moduleName):
    """
    Load the module with the give name
    i.e. "admin" would load modules/admin.py

    Args:
        moduleName (str): name of the module (admin would load the admin.py file)

    Returns:
        boolean: success or failure of load

    Raises:
        None
    """
    retLoadedCorrectly = False
    # reload everything to dynamically pick up new stuff
    reload(modules)

    # grab the module
    try:
        m = getattr(modules, moduleName)

        # save it
        self.loadedModules[m.commandName] = {'module': moduleName, 'admin': m.adminOnly, 'version': m.version}

        # Yay it loaded :)
        retLoadedCorrectly = True

        # log it
        self.log('Loaded module: {0}, {1}, {2}, {3}'.format(moduleName, m.commandName, m.adminOnly, m.version))
    except AttributeError:
        self.log('Failed to load module: {0}'.format(moduleName), level='WARNING')

    return retLoadedCorrectly

如果我调用 loadMudule("example")，它会按预期加载并运行。然后如果我修改了 example，再次调用 loadModules 方法时，它就不会识别这些变化。

我读过关于 importlib 的内容，但那看起来只适用于 Python 3，而我使用的是 Python 2.7.6。

如果这样做不好，请随时给我指个更好的方向！

Answer 1

感谢dwfreed在Freenode上给我指明了方向。

这里是我最终代码的链接：https://github.com/myano/jenni/blob/master/modules/reload.py#L40

[02:27] <dwfreed> shortdudey123: basically, use the imp module to directly access python's base importer, re-import the module from the source, and then replace it in sys.modules

对于那些想知道我最终代码的人...

modules/__init__.py：

# based on info from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1057431/loading-all-modules-in-a-folder-in-python
# more info in my own question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24718759/how-do-i-dynamically-reload-a-module-in-a-custom-package
import os
import sys
import imp

# based off of https://github.com/myano/jenni/blob/master/modules/reload.py#L40
def reload(moduleName):
    name = '{0}.{1}'.format(os.path.dirname(__file__).split('/')[-1:][0], moduleName)
    if name in sys.modules.keys():
        filePath = sys.modules[name].__file__
        if filePath.endswith('.pyc') or filePath.endswith('.pyo'):
            filePath = filePath[:-1]
        module = imp.load_source(name, filePath)
        sys.modules[name] = module
    else:
        pass

for module in os.listdir(os.path.dirname(__file__)):
    if module[0:8] != '__init__' and module[-3:] == '.py':
        name = '{0}.{1}'.format(os.path.dirname(__file__).split('/')[-1:][0], module[:-3])
        __import__(module[:-3], locals(), globals())

然后是加载和重新加载的部分：

def loadModule(self, moduleName):
    """
    Load the module with the give name
    i.e. "admin" would load modules/admin.py

    Args:
        moduleName (str): name of the module (admin would load the admin.py file)

    Returns:
        boolean: success or failure of load

    Raises:
        None
    """
    retLoadedCorrectly = False
    # reload everything to dynamically pick up new stuff
    reload(modules)

    # if the module was already loaded, then we need to reload it
    for cmd in self.loadedModules.keys():
        if  self.loadedModules[cmd]['module'] == moduleName:
            modules.reload(moduleName)

    # try to grab the module and get parameters from it
    try:
        # grab the module
        m = getattr(modules, moduleName)

        # save it
        self.loadedModules[m.commandName] = {'module': moduleName, 'admin': m.adminOnly, 'version': m.version}

        # Yay it loaded :)
        retLoadedCorrectly = True

        # log it
        self.log('Loaded module: {0}, {1}, {2}, {3}'.format(moduleName, m.commandName, m.adminOnly, m.version))
    except AttributeError, e:
        self.log('Failed to load module: {0}'.format(moduleName), level='WARNING')
        self.log(e, level='WARNING')

    return retLoadedCorrectly