wxPython 和 Autobahn WebSocket

Question

我正在尝试为我的测试项目创建一个图形用户界面（GUI）应用，使用的是Python、Twisted和Autobahn.ws。我在按照这篇文章的指导进行操作：wxPython和Twisted，并试图将我的应用连接到服务器。但是一开始我就遇到了一个错误：

Unhandled Error
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/log.py", line 88, in callWithLogger
    return callWithContext({"system": lp}, func, *args, **kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/log.py", line 73, in callWithContext
    return context.call({ILogContext: newCtx}, func, *args, **kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/context.py", line 118, in callWithContext
    return self.currentContext().callWithContext(ctx, func, *args, **kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/context.py", line 81, in callWithContext
    return func(*args,**kw)
--- <exception caught here> ---
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/internet/_threadedselect.py", line 283, in _doReadOrWrite
    why = getattr(selectable, method)()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/internet/tcp.py", line 593, in doConnect
    self._connectDone()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/internet/tcp.py", line 607, in _connectDone
    self.protocol = self.connector.buildProtocol(self.getPeer())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 1071, in buildProtocol
    return self.factory.buildProtocol(addr)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/protocols/policies.py", line 171, in buildProtocol
    return self.protocol(self, self.wrappedFactory.buildProtocol(addr))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/internet/protocol.py", line 123, in buildProtocol
    p = self.protocol()
exceptions.AttributeError: GUIClientProtocol instance has no __call__ method

我该如何解决这个问题？我需要在我的类中定义call方法，还是说我有更好的解决方案呢？

代码： 1) client_gui：

import wx
from twisted.internet import wxreactor
wxreactor.install()

from twisted.internet import reactor, ssl
from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketClientFactory, WebSocketClientProtocol, connectWS

from gui.filemanager import CloudStorage

class GUIClientProtocol(WebSocketClientProtocol):

    def __init__(self, gui):
        self.gui = gui

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App(False)
    frame = CloudStorage(None, -1, 'CloudStorage')
    frame.Show()

    host_url = "wss://%s:%s" % ("localhost", 9000)
    # create a WS server factory with our protocol
    factory = WebSocketClientFactory(host_url, debug = False)
    factory.protocol = GUIClientProtocol(frame)
    # SSL client context: using default
    if factory.isSecure:
        contextFactory = ssl.ClientContextFactory()
    else:
        contextFactory = None

    reactor.registerWxApp(app)
    connectWS(factory, contextFactory)
    reactor.run()

2) server.py

import sys
import datetime
import pickle
from json import dumps, loads
from hashlib import sha256
from time import gmtime, strftime
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT

import sqlalchemy
import sqlalchemy.exc
from sqlalchemy import and_, func, asc
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from twisted.internet import reactor, ssl
from twisted.internet.task import deferLater
from twisted.python import log, logfile
from twisted.web.server import Site
from twisted.web.wsgi import WSGIResource
from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketServerFactory, WebSocketServerProtocol, listenWS

from balancer.balancer import Balancer
from db.tables import File as FileTable
from db.tables import Users, FileServer, FileSpace, Catalog
from flask_app import app
from utils import commands


log_file = logfile.LogFile("service.log", ".")
log.startLogging(log_file)
engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine('postgresql://user:password@localhost/csan', pool_size=20, max_overflow=0)


def checkServerStatus(ip, port):
    p = Popen(["python", "statuschecker.py", str(ip), str(port)], stdout=PIPE, stdin=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT)
    result = p.communicate()[0].replace('\n', '')
    return result.split('|')


class DFSServerProtocol(WebSocketServerProtocol):

    ... # ~450 lines of code 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == 'debug':
        log.startLogging(sys.stdout)
        debug = True
        port = int(sys.argv[2])
    else:
        debug = False
        port = int(sys.argv[1])

    contextFactory = ssl.DefaultOpenSSLContextFactory('web/keys/server.key', 'web/keys/server.crt')

    server_addr = "wss://localhost:%d" % (port)
    factory = WebSocketServerFactory(server_addr, debug = debug, debugCodePaths = debug)
    factory.protocol = DFSServerProtocol
    factory.setProtocolOptions(allowHixie76 = True)

    listenWS(factory, contextFactory)

    # Flask with SSL under Twisted
    resource = WSGIResource(reactor, reactor.getThreadPool(), app)
    site = Site(resource)
    reactor.listenSSL(8080, site, contextFactory)
    # reactor.listenTCP(8080, web)
    reactor.run()

更新 #1： client_gui.py 看起来是这样的：

import wx
from twisted.internet import wxreactor
wxreactor.install()

from twisted.internet import reactor, ssl
from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketClientFactory, WebSocketClientProtocol, connectWS

from gui.filemanager import CloudStorage

class GUIClientProtocol(WebSocketClientProtocol):

    def __init__(self):
        WebSocketClientProtocol.__init__(self)
        self.gui = None

    def connectionMade(self):
        self.gui = self.factory._frame
        self.gui.Show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App(False)
    frame = CloudStorage(None, -1, 'CloudStorage')

    # create a WS server factory with our protocol
    host_url = "wss://%s:%s" % ("localhost", 9000)
    factory = WebSocketClientFactory(host_url)
    factory.protocol = GUIClientProtocol
    factory._frame = frame

    # SSL client context: using default
    if factory.isSecure:
        contextFactory = ssl.ClientContextFactory()
    else:
        contextFactory = None

    reactor.registerWxApp(app)
    connectWS(factory, contextFactory)
    reactor.run()

更新 #2：
我的 CloudStorage 类的代码：

import wx
import os
import time

ID_BUTTON=100
ID_EXIT=200
ID_SPLITTER=300

class MyListCtrl(wx.ListCtrl):
    def __init__(self, parent, id):
        wx.ListCtrl.__init__(self, parent, id, style=wx.LC_REPORT)

        files = os.listdir('.')
        images = ['images/empty.png', 'images/folder.png', 'images/source_py.png',
        'images/image.png', 'images/pdf.png', 'images/up16.png']

        self.InsertColumn(0, 'Name')
        self.InsertColumn(1, 'Ext')
        self.InsertColumn(2, 'Size', wx.LIST_FORMAT_RIGHT)
        self.InsertColumn(3, 'Modified')

        self.SetColumnWidth(0, 220)
        self.SetColumnWidth(1, 70)
        self.SetColumnWidth(2, 100)
        self.SetColumnWidth(3, 420)

        self.il = wx.ImageList(16, 16)
        for i in images:
            self.il.Add(wx.Bitmap(i))
        self.SetImageList(self.il, wx.IMAGE_LIST_SMALL)

        j = 1
        self.InsertStringItem(0, '..')
        self.SetItemImage(0, 5)

        for i in files:
            (name, ext) = os.path.splitext(i)
            ex = ext[1:]
            size = os.path.getsize(i)
            sec = os.path.getmtime(i)
            self.InsertStringItem(j, name)
            self.SetStringItem(j, 1, ex)
            self.SetStringItem(j, 2, str(size) + ' B')
            self.SetStringItem(j, 3, time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M',
        time.localtime(sec)))

            # if os.path.isdir(i):
            #     self.SetItemImage(j, 1)
            # elif ex == 'py':
            #     self.SetItemImage(j, 2)
            # elif ex == 'jpg':
            #     self.SetItemImage(j, 3)
            # elif ex == 'pdf':
            #     self.SetItemImage(j, 4)
            # else:
            #     self.SetItemImage(j, 0)

            if (j % 2) == 0:
                self.SetItemBackgroundColour(j, '#e6f1f5')
            j = j + 1

class CloudStorage(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, -1, title)

        self.splitter = wx.SplitterWindow(self, ID_SPLITTER, style=wx.SP_BORDER)
        self.splitter.SetMinimumPaneSize(50)

        p1 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter, -1)
        p2 = MyListCtrl(self.splitter, -1)
        self.splitter.SplitVertically(p1, p2)

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.OnSize)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SPLITTER_DCLICK, self.OnDoubleClick, id=ID_SPLITTER)

        filemenu= wx.Menu()
        filemenu.Append(ID_EXIT,"E&xit"," Terminate the program")
        editmenu = wx.Menu()
        netmenu = wx.Menu()
        showmenu = wx.Menu()
        configmenu = wx.Menu()
        helpmenu = wx.Menu()

        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
        menuBar.Append(filemenu,"&File")
        menuBar.Append(editmenu, "&Edit")
        menuBar.Append(netmenu, "&Net")
        menuBar.Append(showmenu, "&Show")
        menuBar.Append(configmenu, "&Config")
        menuBar.Append(helpmenu, "&Help")
        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, id=ID_EXIT)

        tb = self.CreateToolBar( wx.TB_HORIZONTAL | wx.NO_BORDER |
        wx.TB_FLAT | wx.TB_TEXT)
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(10, wx.Bitmap('images/previous.png'), 'Previous')
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(20, wx.Bitmap('images/up.png'), 'Up one directory')
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(30, wx.Bitmap('images/home.png'), 'Home')
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(40, wx.Bitmap('images/refresh.png'), 'Refresh')
        # tb.AddSeparator()
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(50, wx.Bitmap('images/write.png'), 'Editor')
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(60, wx.Bitmap('images/terminal.png'), 'Terminal')
        # tb.AddSeparator()
        # tb.AddSimpleTool(70, wx.Bitmap('images/help.png'), 'Help')
        tb.Realize()

        self.sizer2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

        button1 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 1, "F3 View")
        button2 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 2, "F4 Edit")
        button3 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 3, "F5 Copy")
        button4 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 4, "F6 Move")
        button5 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 5, "F7 Mkdir")
        button6 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 6, "F8 Delete")
        button7 = wx.Button(self, ID_BUTTON + 7, "F9 Rename")
        button8 = wx.Button(self, ID_EXIT, "F10 Quit")

        self.sizer2.Add(button1, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button2, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button3, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button4, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button5, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button6, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button7, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer2.Add(button8, 1, wx.EXPAND)

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnExit, id=ID_EXIT)

        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.sizer.Add(self.splitter,1,wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer.Add(self.sizer2,0,wx.EXPAND)
        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)

        size = wx.DisplaySize()
        self.SetSize(size)

        self.sb = self.CreateStatusBar()
        self.sb.SetStatusText(os.getcwd())
        self.Center()
        self.Show(True)

    def OnExit(self,e):
        self.Close(True)

    def OnSize(self, event):
        size = self.GetSize()
        self.splitter.SetSashPosition(size.x / 2)
        self.sb.SetStatusText(os.getcwd())
        event.Skip()

    def OnDoubleClick(self, event):
        size =  self.GetSize()
        self.splitter.SetSashPosition(size.x / 2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App(0)
    CloudStorage(None, -1, 'CloudStorage')
    app.MainLoop()

Answer 1

更新：我创建了一个完整的示例，展示了如何使用wxPython和Autobahn来创建支持WebSocket的用户界面。

问题出在这一行

factory.protocol = GUIClientProtocol(frame)

这行代码把factory.protocol设置成了GUIClientProtocol的一个实例。但其实应该是设置成这个类本身。

现在，你显然想要在GUIClientProtocol里面访问frame。这里有（至少）两种选择。

选择1：

factory.protocol = GUIClientProtocol
factory._frame = frame

然后可以通过self.factory._frame在（运行中的）协议实例中访问它。

选择2：实现Factory.buildProtocol。