将我的Qdialog改为QMainWindow

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1 回答
1398 浏览
提问于 2025-04-18 10:49

我根据一些随机的例子,做出了这个漂亮的窗口。不过我有点后悔用了 QDialog 这个例子,而不是 QMainWindow。我更喜欢 QMainWindow 的外观和功能。现在我不知道怎么把它转换过来(真是无知)。代码变得有点长,所以我想从 QMainWindow 调用这个代码,但每次这样做时,都会出现一些问题,导致所有的 Python 程序都崩溃。请问我能把这个转换成 QMainWindow 吗?或者从 QMainWindow 调用这个代码吗?

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as    NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg



class Window(QtGui.QDialog):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)
        self.resize(900,600)

        layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self)
        Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
        Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
        spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem(20,40)
        spacer2 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(10,40)

        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Rod")
        font.setPointSize(23)
        font2 = QtGui.QFont()
        font2.setFamily("Rod")
        font2.setPointSize(18)
        font3 = QtGui.QFont()
        font3.setFamily("Rod")
        font3.setPointSize(13)

        #Plotting Methods from Matplotlib
        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(525)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(725)
        self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)


       #Labels
        self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setText("  Welcome to PPMS Data Analyser")
        self.label.setMaximumSize(625,30)

        label2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        label2.setFont(font2)
        label2.setText("Select Plot:")

        x_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        x_label.setFont(font3)
        x_label.setText("x axis:")

        y_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        y_label.setFont(font3)
        y_label.setText("y axis:")

        #Push Buttons
        fileSelect = QtGui.QPushButton('Select File')
        fileSelect.setMaximumSize(70,25)
        fileSelect.clicked.connect(self.plot)
        goPlot = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
        goPlot.setMaximumSize(60,20)
        goPlot.clicked.connect(self.plot)





        # x axis radio buttons
        groupBox = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio2.setChecked(True)


        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(x_label)
        vbox.addWidget(radio1)
        vbox.addWidget(radio2)
        vbox.addWidget(radio3)
        vbox.addWidget(radioa)
        vbox.addWidget(radiob)
        vbox.addWidget(radioc)
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        groupBox.setLayout(vbox)

        # y axis radio buttons
        groupBox2 = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio12 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio22 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio32 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio32.setChecked(True)

        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox2.addWidget(y_label)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio12)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio22)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio32)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioa2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radiob2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioc2)
        vbox2.addStretch(1)
        groupBox2.setLayout(vbox2)

        #Box for 2 radio boxes
        hbox0 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox)
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox2)
        hbox0.addStretch(0)

        Left.addWidget(self.label)
        Left.addWidget(self.canvas)
        Left.addWidget(self.toolbar)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(fileSelect)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(label2)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)
        Right.addWidget(goPlot)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)

        layout.addLayout(Left)
        layout.addLayout(Right)


    def plot(self):
        ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.hold(False)
        ax.plot([1,2],[3,4])
        plt.grid()
        plt.title('Test Plot')
        self.canvas.draw()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    main = Window()
    main.setWindowTitle('PPMS Seebeck Calculator')
    main.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

1 个回答

2

QMainWindow 有一个预设的布局 [文档]。首先,你需要为 QMainWindow 创建一个 “中央小部件”,然后把你自己的布局添加到这个小部件里。下面是工作代码:

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as    NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg



class Window(QtGui.QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)
        self.resize(900,600)

        self.central_widget = QtGui.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

        layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem(20,40)
        spacer2 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(10,40)

        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Rod")
        font.setPointSize(23)
        font2 = QtGui.QFont()
        font2.setFamily("Rod")
        font2.setPointSize(18)
        font3 = QtGui.QFont()
        font3.setFamily("Rod")
        font3.setPointSize(13)

        #Plotting Methods from Matplotlib
        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(525)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(725)
        self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)


        #Labels
        self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setText("  Welcome to PPMS Data Analyser")
        self.label.setMaximumSize(625,30)

        label2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        label2.setFont(font2)
        label2.setText("Select Plot:")

        x_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        x_label.setFont(font3)
        x_label.setText("x axis:")

        y_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        y_label.setFont(font3)
        y_label.setText("y axis:")

        #Push Buttons
        fileSelect = QtGui.QPushButton('Select File')
        fileSelect.setMaximumSize(70,25)
        fileSelect.clicked.connect(self.plot)
        goPlot = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
        goPlot.setMaximumSize(60,20)
        goPlot.clicked.connect(self.plot)





        # x axis radio buttons
        groupBox = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio2.setChecked(True)


        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(x_label)
        vbox.addWidget(radio1)
        vbox.addWidget(radio2)
        vbox.addWidget(radio3)
        vbox.addWidget(radioa)
        vbox.addWidget(radiob)
        vbox.addWidget(radioc)
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        groupBox.setLayout(vbox)

        # y axis radio buttons
        groupBox2 = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio12 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio22 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio32 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio32.setChecked(True)

        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox2.addWidget(y_label)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio12)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio22)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio32)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioa2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radiob2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioc2)
        vbox2.addStretch(1)
        groupBox2.setLayout(vbox2)

        #Box for 2 radio boxes
        hbox0 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox)
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox2)
        hbox0.addStretch(0)

        Left.addWidget(self.label)
        Left.addWidget(self.canvas)
        Left.addWidget(self.toolbar)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(fileSelect)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(label2)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)
        Right.addWidget(goPlot)
        #Right.addLayout(hbox0)

        layout.addLayout(Left)
        layout.addLayout(Right)

        self.central_widget.setLayout(layout)

    def plot(self):
        ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.hold(False)
        ax.plot([1,2],[3,4])
        plt.grid()
        plt.title('Test Plot')
        self.canvas.draw()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    main = Window()
    main.setWindowTitle('PPMS Seebeck Calculator')
    main.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

这是我做的:

1) 创建了 central_widget

self.central_widget = QtGui.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

2) 为了避免出现这个警告:QLayout: Attempting to add QLayout "" to Window "", which already has a layout,我做了以下更改:

layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self)
Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)

改成了

layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()

并注释掉了第二个 Right.addLayout(hbox0)

3) 为 central_widget 设置了布局:self.central_widget.setLayout(layout)

撰写回答