升级Django至1.6.5后出现对象不可JSON序列化错误

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3 回答
20491 浏览
提问于 2025-04-18 09:50

我有一个django应用,之前运行在1.4.2版本上,一切都很好,但最近我把它更新到了django 1.6.5,结果遇到了一些奇怪的错误,像下面这样。

其实我是在用户/客户注册的时候遇到这些问题,影响了我网站的功能。

Request URL:    http://example.com/client/registration/
Django Version:     1.6.5
Exception Type:     TypeError
Exception Value:    <Client: test one> is not JSON serializable
Exception Location:     /usr/lib/python2.7/json/encoder.py in default, line 184
Python Executable:  /home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/bin/python
Python Version:     2.7.5

错误追踪信息

Traceback:
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  199.                 response = middleware_method(request, response)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py" in process_response
  38.                     request.session.save()
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/db.py" in save
  57.             session_data=self.encode(self._get_session(no_load=must_create)),
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py" in encode
  87.         serialized = self.serializer().dumps(session_dict)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/test_proj/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/signing.py" in dumps
  88.         return json.dumps(obj, separators=(',', ':')).encode('latin-1')
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/json/__init__.py" in dumps
  250.         sort_keys=sort_keys, **kw).encode(obj)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/json/encoder.py" in encode
  207.         chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/json/encoder.py" in iterencode
  270.         return _iterencode(o, 0)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/json/encoder.py" in default
  184.         raise TypeError(repr(o) + " is not JSON serializable")

Exception Type: TypeError at /client/registration/
Exception Value: <Client: test one> is not JSON serializable

我对为什么在更新后会出现上面的json错误感到困惑,顺便说一下,我在一些模型中使用了自定义的json字段,代码如下:

proj/utils.py

from django.db import models
from django.utils import simplejson as json
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder


class JSONField(models.TextField):
    '''JSONField is a generic textfield that neatly serializes/unserializes
    JSON objects seamlessly'''

    # Used so to_python() is called
    __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase

    def to_python(self, value):
        '''Convert our string value to JSON after we load it from the DB'''
        if value == '':
            return None
        try:
            if isinstance(value, basestring):
                return json.loads(value)
        except ValueError:
            pass
        return value

    def get_db_prep_save(self, value, connection=None):
        '''Convert our JSON object to a string before we save'''
        if not value or value == '':
            return None
        if isinstance(value, (dict, list)):
            value = json.dumps(value, mimetype="application/json")
        return super(JSONField, self).get_db_prep_save(value, connection=connection)

from south.modelsinspector import add_introspection_rules
add_introspection_rules([], ["^proj\.util\.jsonfield\.JSONField"])

settings.py

SERIALIZATION_MODULES = {
     'custom_json': 'proj.util.json_serializer',
        }

json_serializer.py

from django.core.serializers.json import Serializer as JSONSerializer
from django.utils.encoding import is_protected_type

# JSONFields that are normally incorrectly serialized as strings
json_fields = ['field_1', 'field_2']


class Serializer(JSONSerializer):
    """
    A fix on JSONSerializer in order to prevent stringifying JSONField data.
    """
    def handle_field(self, obj, field):
        value = field._get_val_from_obj(obj)
        # Protected types (i.e., primitives like None, numbers, dates,
        # and Decimals) are passed through as is. All other values are
        # converted to string first.
        if is_protected_type(value) or field.name in json_fields:
            self._current[field.name] = value
        else:
            self._current[field.name] = field.value_to_string(obj)

那么,怎么解决这个错误呢?有没有人能给我解释一下,是什么导致了这个错误的出现?

3 个回答

1

经过分析错误信息,看来你的Client模型的实例无法被JSON编码器处理。一般来说,如果你试图用jsonsimplejson库来处理与其他模型有关的模型(比如多对多关系的字段),就会出现这种错误。

你可以查看这个链接,了解更多信息。根据你的需求,你也可以使用一些第三方的工具包,比如DjangoRestFramework

6

在settings.py文件中设置这一行,可以在升级到django 1.6版本时消除错误。

SESSION_SERIALIZER = 'django.contrib.sessions.serializers.PickleSerializer'
45

Django 1.6把数据的保存方式从pickle改成了json。pickle可以保存一些json无法处理的东西。

如果你想让Django的行为像1.6之前那样,可以在你的settings.py文件里修改SESSION_SERIALIZER的值。

SESSION_SERIALIZER = 'django.contrib.sessions.serializers.PickleSerializer'

你可能还想看看文档里关于会话序列化的内容。

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