ConfigParser 在输出文件中写入重复部分

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2 回答

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提问于 2025-04-18 09:00

我正在使用ConfigParser模块来写一个配置文件，这个文件里包含了一些收集到的服务器信息。我写的第一个部分是本地系统信息，但不知为什么，它似乎把这个部分写了两遍。

这是我用来写配置的代码：

    def system_info(config_file):
        cnf_file = open(config_file, 'w+')
        config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)
        config.write(cnf_file)
        cnf_file.close()

    def sql_info(config_file):
        cnf_file = open(config_file, 'a+')
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)
        config.write(cnf_file)
        cnf_file.close()

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")

        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        setup_config.system_info(config_file)

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        setup_config.sql_info(config_file)

这是我在配置文件中看到的输出：

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[SQL Server]
server name = sql1
server ip = 198.105.244.102
sql user = sa
sql password = password

我唯一能想到的就是，我在写系统信息的时候使用了w+方法，而在写SQL部分（以及后面要写的其他部分）时用了a+方法。我这样做是想让系统信息先写入，然后把其他部分追加上去，但我可能想错了。

配置文件 configparser 文件写入数据追加文件模式系统信息服务器信息

2 个回答

这个问题是因为在两个被调用的函数里都用了两次

config.write(cnf_file)
cnf_file.close()

而且config对象是全局的，所以当你第二次用cnf_file = open(config_file, 'a+')打开文件时，你是用的追加模式，这样系统信息就会被添加到文件里。

你需要把这些信息提取出来，放到主程序里，或者更简单的方法是第二次打开文件时也用写入模式：

cnf_file = open(config_file, 'w+')

回答于 2025-04-18 由 Python大师

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重新考虑一下你的布局。

为什么你的 config 变量是全局的？
你希望它是全局的吗？

你遇到的问题是，config 对象是全局的，而你把它写了两次到一个文件里！

假设你调用了 system_info(..)。
此时 config 对象里有一个“系统信息”的部分。

你把 config 写入了一个文件：

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise

然后你又调用了 sql_info()。
此时 config 对象里有“SQL 服务器”和“系统信息”两个部分。

你把 config 追加到文件里：

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[SQL Server]
server name = sql1
server ip = 198.105.244.102
sql user = sa
sql password = password

使用全局 config 对象的解决方案

    def system_info():
        if not config.has_section('System Information'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)

    def sql_info():
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        if not config.has_section('SQL Server'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")

        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        setup_config.system_info()

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        setup_config.sql_info()

        with open(config_file, 'w') as cnf_file:
            config.write(cnf_file)

使用局部 config 对象的解决方案（推荐）

    def system_info(config):
        if not config.has_section('System Information'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)
        return config

    def sql_info(config):
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        if not config.has_section('SQL Server'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)
        return config

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")
        config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        config = setup_config.system_info(config)

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        config = setup_config.sql_info(config)

        with open(config_file, 'w') as cnf_file:
            config.write(cnf_file)

回答于 2025-04-18 由 Python大师

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ConfigParser 在输出文件中写入重复部分

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